The Lord’s Supper
Matthew 26:17–30
This is my blood of the covenant. Matthew 26:28

In some ways, it is a pity that debate about the literal or nonliteral meaning of Christ’s words has been so fierce, since it has tended to obscure the equally important (probably far more important) teachings about Jesus’s death that we have here. Think how many important doctrines are taught by Jesus’s words and this sacrament.

1. A vicarious atonement. Jesus died in our place as our substitute, taking our guilt on himself and bearing the punishment for our sins. This was the meaning of the Passover, which was being observed that very week when Jesus was teaching, and it is what is symbolized by the breaking of the bread. As the bread was broken, so would Jesus’s body be broken, but not for himself. It would be broken for those who would trust him as their Savior.

2. A new covenant. Jesus’s linking of the old covenant and the new covenant makes clear that his death was the fulfillment and end of the millions of blood sacrifices that had been used to seal and maintain the old covenant. There would be no more need for sacrifices once he had died for our sin.

3. The forgiveness of sins. The fact that Jesus spoke of the forgiveness of sins is an indication that he was thinking of Jeremiah 31 as well as Exodus 24. But these words make an additional point. To be forgiven by God is our great need, for it is only as our sins are forgiven and we are clothed with the righteousness of Christ that we can stand before a holy God. It is by the blood of Christ alone that we are cleansed from sin’s defilement.

4. Particular redemption. Jesus did not say that his blood would be poured out for everyone for the forgiveness of their sins, but “for many” (Matt. 26:28). Jesus’s blood made an actual atonement for transgressions. His sacrifice actually propitiated God on their behalf. His death secured their justification, and by his stripes they all were truly healed. Particular redemption means that Christ’s death was not for all, but Jesus’s words also teach that it was not merely for a few but for many. Many have come. Many more are yet to come. There are many with whom we have yet to share the gospel.

5. Eternal security. Christ’s words also teach the truth of eternal security, for he stated as an unchallengeable fact that one day he would drink wine with his disciples (“with you,” v. 29) in his Father’s kingdom. How could Jesus be sure? Obviously because his death would accomplish their salvation so completely and perfectly that not even Peter’s public denial of the Lord would undermine it.

Taken from Come to the Waters by James Boice ISBN 9798887790954 used with permission from P&R Publishing, Phillipsburg NJ 08865

Scripture quotations are from the ESV (the Holy Bible English Standard Version) copyright 2001 by Crossway a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. All rights reserved.